Chimps may also sneer, extend a hand, crunch or swagger to send a special message. For example, a frightened chimp will display a special grin to alert others. These sounds are accompanied by special postures and facial expressions. CommunicationĬhimps use different sounds to communicate with each other. Every chimp makes its own nest except for mothers and their infants. Note: Chimpanzees build a nest in a new location every night. It is important for the dominant male to maintain coalitions in order to contain the main competitors. His reign can easily end if the other males in the group combine to expel him out of the group. The leading male must continuously assert himself every time the splinter groups rejoin the main group. This is because chimpanzee communities are large and unstable. Unlike gorilla groups, dominant male chimps do not yield absolute power. The males in the group share responsibility of protecting the group, searching for food and patrolling the territory. They will get together to defend their common territory.Ĭhimp communities are often led by several males with the dominant male yielding more power.
Although chimps in a community split to form smaller groups, they all know each other. Individuals may form smaller groups to feed, hunt or patrol their common territory. Chimp communities can consist of between 15 to 150 individuals. Chimp communities are highly political just like you would see with humans.
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Chimps know how to create coalitions, take advantage of opportunities for their own individual benefit, hide information that could benefit others or use deceptive body language. They demonstrate complex social strategies and behavior which are similar to humans. Other marks of intelligence are an ability to laugh, tickle each other and care for a dying member of the group Social LifeĬhimps are extremely social compared to gorillas or any of the other great apes. Chimps have self-awareness and are one of the few pests known to pass the mirror test. They have also been observed soaking up water to drink using leaf-sponges or opening up nuts using stones.Īpart from using tools, chimps display other signs of intelligence including the ability to remember symbols and cooperating when doing tasks or hunting. These tools are made by modifying rocks, sticks or grass and using them to force termites/insects out of their mounds or spear smaller mammals. They are capable of using various tools for different purposes. IntelligenceĪfter humans, Chimps are the most intelligent of primates. It is important to note that meat and insects only make up 2 percent of chimpanzee diet. They succeed in this by ganging up and forming effective hunting parties. Their commonest prey are small baboons, colobus monkeys, bushbucks, bush babies, warthogs and blue duikers. Chimps have been observed hunting down other smaller primates and antelopes for food. Though mostly herbivorous, chimps also eat insects, soil, honey and birds. Chimp diet consists of mainly fruits, stems, bark, leaves, seeds and blossoms. After feeding, chimps enjoy taking an afternoon nap.
Most feeding is done on tree tops but they also spend time foraging on the ground. Chimps are skillful climbers and use their arms to jump or swing from tree to tree. They start the day at dawn and head straight to areas known to have the best food. Feeding and DietĬhimpanzees spend their time on the ground and also on tree tops. As they age, chimps develop grey hair around the chin or develop bald spots. Chimps in captivity live longer with some reaching 70 years. Most reach 25 years while a few can live for 60 years. The average lifespan of wild chimpanzees is short. They can move on both four legs or upright with arms that are longer than legs. An adult chimp can stand upright reaching a height of about 4 feet and 11 inches. Although they weigh less than humans, chimps are 1.5 time stronger physically. Females can weigh between 27 to 50 kilograms while males weigh up to 70 kilograms. They are covered by either brown or black coats. Physical CharacteristicsĬhimpanzees generally have a bare face, palms, toes and fingers. Bonobos are restricted to DRC (Democratic Republic of Congo). They further believe that Chimps and bonobos separated about 1 million years ago. Biologists believe that chimps, bonobos and humans share a common ancestor who lived about 7 million years ago. Chimpanzees and bonobos are the closest relatives to humans.
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